Four Medicinal Herbs of Northern California
In this time of great change Mother Earth is calling to us top return to her bounty, communing with nature in partnership. One avenue of receiving her bounty is through gardening and wild crafting of foods and herbs. Growing and wild crafting our foods and healing tools are two substantial components of this partnership. This article will be addressing four of the nutritive and medicinal herbs, which grow wild in the Tri- County area, and are easily grown in your own garden using permaculture techniques: Dandelion, Plantain, Red Clover and Yarrow.
A weed is a plant that has mastered every survival skill except for learning how to grow in rows.
—— Doug Larson
Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale), an amazing nutritive and medicinal herb, brightens any garden with its cheery yellow flowers and seed tuffs that bring delight to the hearts of any who enjoy making magical wishes.
Surprisingly like most herbs, Dandelion has long been tagged as a weed and removed from gardens and pitched in the trash, rather than harvested with gratitude and eaten in salads, soups and as a side vegetable (like spinach). Now with the returning of our awareness to the gifts of the Earth, Dandelion and other herbs have found their way back into the produce section of health food and grocery stores everywhere.

- Dandelion in Sandy Soil
Part used: whole plant; Energy and Flavors – Leaves are cool and bitter, the roots is bitter, cool and sweet; Properties – alterative (blood purifier), cholagogue (promotes flow of bile), diuretic (increase flow of urine), tonic (herbs that promote the functions of the systems of the body), demulcent (soothing substances, usually mucilage used internally or externally to protect damages or inflamed tissue; Dose – standard decoction, or 10-30 drops of tincture
Used for: liver problems, urinary tract infections, skin eruptions, stomach pains, breast cancer, beverage
Dandelion can be eaten raw in salads, steamed, used in stew or taken in tincture or capsule form. The leaves are sweet in their younger stages while turning more tart as they grow larger. At all ages they are a blessing to your body and the body of your animals.
Plantain is another wonder of nature, having an abundance of qualities helpful to our body’s wellness. There are multiple species that grow in our region, Plantain major, which grows in damp areas, near creek and in bogs (i.e. the south end of Lake Shastina), and Plantain (Ribwort) which grows in dryer niches, such as open fields and vacant lots, and has long narrow leaves in comparison to major’s darker, broader leaves. Note: Plantain major is also known as broadleaf plantain.

Narrow Leaf Plantain without bloom
Plantain, along with the other herbs discussed in this article are wonderful ground covers and can be used successfully in permaculture to protect the soil while providing your family with a fresh healing apothecary.
Part used – leaves and seeds; Energy and Flavors – bland, somewhat bitter, cool.
Properties – diuretic, alterative, anti-inflammatory;
Dose – standard infusion; component in salves or poultices
Used for - urinary tract infections, hepatitis, stings, bites and wounds, relief of any type of inflammatory imbalance including arthritis. Also can be rubbed on skin to counter the sting of nettle.
Red Clover (Trifolium pratense) is commonly found growing wild in open fields and as a ground cover in gardens across the land. It is a powerful nutritive herb.
Part used – blossoms; Energy and Flavors – pleasant; Properties – anti-inflammatory, antipyretic (reduce or prevent fevers), anti-cancer, improves visual acuity due to high beta-carotene content, while possesses estrogen-like actions. Dose – standard infusion, poultice, salves ; Used for – cancer prevention and healing, vision balancing, hormone balancing, general good health. Can be enjoyed every day in tea.
Note: not to be confused with Crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum) or Italian Clover, which is also a beautiful ground cover, but does not contain the medicinal qualities of its cousin Trifolium pratense.
(Sorry no picture at the moment)
Lastly …
Yarrow or Achillea millefolium grows abundantly in the Tri-County area from high desert to the foothills of our highest mountains. Yarrow or Warriors’ Wound is named after the Greek warrior Achilles, for its abilities to facilitate healing of wounds both internal and external.

Yarrow - Achillea millifolium - warriors wound
Known for its snowy white caps of flowers adoring feathery pale green leaves, Achillea millefolium has many decorative cousins that are available in nurseries. It is important to notes that although lovely and draught tolerant, the cousins do not have the medicinal qualities of millefolium. So it is important to be clear what you are buying. Learn your herb’s latin names, so that you can be certain you are getting the correct seeds or plants.
Part used – whole herb; Energy and Flavors – warm, bitter, spicy; Properties – diaphoretic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic (reduce or prevent fevers), carminative (relieves gas), hemostatic (arrests hemorrhaging), astringent, and antispasmodic; Dose – standard infusion, poultice, salves ; Used for: colds, flus, fevers, painful or suppressed menses, bleeding, hemorrhoids
With all herbs it is important to grow them in garden environments as similar to their natural ones as possible. This is one of the steps of permaculture, and helps to insure that the plant’s properties remain true. Yarrow for instance prefers sunny, fairly dry environments with good drainage, in contrast to Plantain major, which prefers damp, boggy soils.
By Kathryn Shanti Ariel -
Song of the Dove Foundation